1. Pleiotropy is a common phenomenon in genetics, where a single gene can have multiple effects on an organism's traits.
（在遗传学中，多态性是一种常见现象，一个基因可以对生物的性状产生多个影响。）

2. The discovery of pleiotropy has greatly influenced our understanding of the complexity of genetic interactions.
（多态性的发现极大地影响了我们对遗传相互作用复杂性的理解。）